🎯 Introduction
Bharathidasan was one of the most influential poets, writers, and reformers in modern Tamil literature. Deeply inspired by the great Tamil poet Subramania Bharathi (Bharathiyar), he carried forward Bharathi’s vision of social reform, rationalism, and Tamil pride.
Bharathidasan used poetry as a weapon to promote equality, education, women’s empowerment, and Tamil language development.
📊 Quick Facts about Bharathidasan
| Attribute | Details |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Kanakasabai Subburathinam |
| Pen Name | Bharathidasan (meaning “Follower of Bharathi”) |
| Date of Birth | April 29, 1891 |
| Place of Birth | Pondicherry (now Puducherry), India |
| Date of Death | April 21, 1964 |
| Age at Death | 72 Years |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Occupation | Poet, Playwright, Rationalist, Social Reformer |
| Language | Tamil |
| Notable Works | Kudiyarasu, Puthumaippithan collaborations, “Thamizhukkum Amudhendru Per” |
| Awards | Sahitya Akademi Award (Posthumously) |
| Inspiration | Subramania Bharathi |
| Title Given | “Puratchi Kavi” (Revolutionary Poet) |
👶 Early Life & Education
Bharathidasan was born as Kanakasabai Subburathinam on April 29, 1891, in Pondicherry. He was an excellent student, deeply interested in Tamil literature and philosophy from a young age.
He studied Tamil classics, Saivism, and rational thought, which influenced his future writings.
When he met Bharathiyar (the famous Tamil poet and freedom fighter), young Subburathinam became his admirer and decided to dedicate his life to continuing Bharathi’s vision — hence the name “Bharathidasan”, meaning the disciple of Bharathi.
🖋️ Literary Career
✒️ Beginning of His Writing Journey
Bharathidasan started writing poetry and essays that emphasized social reform, Tamil pride, and rationalist thinking. His works appeared in Tamil magazines such as Kudiyarasu, Viduthalai, and Tamil Nadu.
📜 Major Themes in His Work
Rationalism: He questioned blind faith, superstition, and caste discrimination.
Women Empowerment: Encouraged education and equal rights for women.
Tamil Language: Advocated for Tamil as a modern language of science and governance.
Social Equality: Wrote against untouchability and promoted equality for all communities.
🕊️ Famous Works
Thamizhukkum Amudhendru Per (Song for Tamil Language)
Pudhiya Aatchi (New Rule)
Kuyil Pattu (Song of the Cuckoo)
Pudhiya Paadhai (New Path)
Kavithaigal (Poems Collection)
Puthumai Penn (Modern Woman)
His poems were simple yet powerful, filled with revolutionary ideas that appealed to common people.
🎬 Contribution to Tamil Cinema & Drama
Bharathidasan also wrote screenplays, film songs, and dramas to spread his message.
Some of his works were adapted into Tamil films that carried social and educational messages.
One of his most popular lines — “Thamizhukkum Amudhendru Per” — became an iconic phrase representing Tamil identity and pride.
🏆 Awards & Recognition
Received the Sahitya Akademi Award posthumously for his contributions to Tamil literature.
Honored by the Government of Tamil Nadu; many schools, universities, and public institutions have been named after him.
His birthday, April 29, is celebrated as Bharathidasan Day across Tamil Nadu.
🧠 Philosophy & Social Thought
Bharathidasan’s writings were strongly influenced by the Self-Respect Movement led by Periyar E.V. Ramasamy.
He promoted:
Equality for all human beings
Rationalism over religion
Education for both genders
Love for Tamil language and culture
He often said that language and literature must serve society, not remain limited to elite groups.
💬 Legacy
Bharathidasan’s legacy continues through:
School and college curricula in Tamil Nadu.
His poems used in cultural programs and Tamil day celebrations.
His messages of equality and rationality inspiring new generations.
Even decades after his passing, his words remain powerful reminders of Tamil pride, social justice, and intellectual freedom.
🏁 Conclusion
Bharathidasan’s biography is the story of a visionary who transformed Tamil literature into a tool for social progress.
Through his bold ideas and creative expression, he inspired millions to think freely, love their language, and fight for equality.
He truly deserves the title “Puratchi Kavi” — the Revolutionary Poet of Tamil Nadu.