Shaheed-e-Azam Sardar Bhagat Singh was an iconic Indian anti-colonial revolutionary who remains a powerful symbol of courage and patriotism in the Indian independence movement. His sacrifice at a young age ignited a revolutionary fervour among the youth of India.
🌟 Quick Wiki / Essential Details
| Particular | Detail |
| Full Name | Bhagat Singh (Shaheed-e-Azam Sardar Bhagat Singh) |
| Famous As | Shaheed Bhagat Singh (Martyr Bhagat Singh) |
| Date of Birth | September 27, 1907 (Some sources cite September 28) |
| Place of Birth | Village Banga, Lyallpur District, Punjab, British India (now in Pakistan) |
| Date of Death | March 23, 1931 |
| Age at Death | 23 Years |
| Cause of Death | Execution by hanging (Lahore Conspiracy Case) |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Religion | Sikh (Jat Sikh Sandhu family) |
| Notable Slogan | “Inquilab Zindabad” (Long Live the Revolution) |
| Associated Groups | Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), Naujawan Bharat Sabha |
| Ideology | Socialism, Communism, Anarchism |
| Monument | Hussainiwala National Martyrs Memorial, Ferozepur |
👨👩👧👦 Family & Personal Life
| Relationship | Name | Note |
| Father | Sardar Kishan Singh Sandhu | A freedom fighter was in jail at the time of Bhagat Singh’s birth. |
| Mother | Vidyavati Kaur | |
| Uncles | Ajit Singh & Swaran Singh | Both were notable figures in the freedom struggle. |
| Marital Status | Unmarried | He fled home to avoid an early marriage, dedicating his life completely to the revolution. |
| Caste/Community | Jat Sikh (Sandhu Gotra) |
Note on Physical Stats (Age, Height, Weight): While his age at execution (23) is confirmed, precise, officially recorded data for his Height and Weight from the early 20th-century British jail records are not widely or consistently published across historical biographies. Estimates are generally based on contemporary accounts and typical builds of the time.
📖 Revolutionary Journey & Key Events
- Early Influence: Deeply affected by the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in 1919. He was just 12 years old.
- Initial Activism: Initially joined Mahatma Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement (1920).
- Shift to Revolution: Became disillusioned with non-violence after the Chauri Chaura incident (1922) and turned towards armed revolution.
- Forming Groups: Founded the Naujawan Bharat Sabha (India Youth Association) in 1926 and helped rename the Hindustan Republican Association to the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) in 1928, emphasising a socialist-republican state.
- The Saunders Assassination (1928): To avenge the death of Lala Lajpat Rai (who died from a police lathi charge), Bhagat Singh and his associates planned to kill Superintendent James A. Scott, but mistakenly killed Assistant Superintendent John P. Saunders in Lahore. This was a key part of the Lahore Conspiracy Case.
- Central Legislative Assembly Bombing (1929): Along with Batukeshwar Dutt, he threw two non-lethal bombs into the Assembly in Delhi. This act was deliberately symbolic, done to “make the deaf hear” against repressive laws. They willingly courted arrest to use the trial as a platform to spread their revolutionary message of Inquilab Zindabad.
- Hunger Strike: While imprisoned, he undertook a historic 116-day hunger strike demanding better treatment for Indian political prisoners, which garnered nationwide support.
📝 Legacy & Impact
Bhagat Singh’s writings, especially Why I Am an Atheist (written in jail), reveal his intellectual depth and commitment to rationalism and socialist ideals. His fearless challenge to the British Empire and his final, cheerful acceptance of execution on March 23, 1931, transformed him into a timeless martyr (Shaheed). His life and sacrifice continue to inspire youth movements and remain one of the most powerful narratives of the Indian freedom struggle.